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<h1>48/44个国际音标 <span class=version>The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</span></h1>


<div id='nav'></div>

<p>	文字教程: 	
	<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cambridge.org/features/IPAchart/">剑桥音标读音(推荐)</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href="https://www.tingclass.net/show-240-231393-1.html">48个英语音标发音表</a> | 
</p>

<p>	国内视频教程: 
	<a target="_blank" href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Y4411M7Ac?p=2&spm_id_from=pageDriver">BBC 音标</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href="https://search.bilibili.com/all?keyword=%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&from_source=nav_suggest_new">B站音标视频课</a> | 
	<a target="_blank" href="https://study.163.com/courses-search?keyword=%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87">网易公开课</a> 
	(<a target="_blank" href="https://study.163.com/course/introduction.htm?courseId=1004542005#/courseDetail?tab=1">结果1</a>) | 
</p>









<div class='item'>
	<h2><span class=note>国际音标</span>（International Phonetic Alphabet，简称IPA）</h2>
	<p>国际音标（International Phonetic Alphabet，简称IPA），是由国际语音协会制定的一套国际通用的标准语音符号，用来标注世界上各种语言的发音的，当然其中也包括了对英语音标和发音的定义，有一百多个符号。我们不用去学这个的。</p>

	<p>很多语言学家会把国际音标做局部修改，以标记他们所研究的语言，所以国际音标也有很多种。现今国内的英语出版物主要采用两个音标体系来标注单词的发音：英式英语的出版物用DJ音标，美式英语的出版物用KK音标，这些才是我们要了解和学习的英语国际音标。</p>

	<p>DJ音标因为在国内使用广泛，经常会被俗称为英语国际音标，后来干脆简称国际音标，这本身也是能理解的。但我们不能就此认为DJ音标是国际音标，KK音标就不是国际音标。实际上，DJ音标和KK音标均为国际音标（IPA）的一种，都有广泛的影响力。</p>


	<h3>音标发音技巧</h3>
	<p>音标发音的单词示例:
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.eltngl.com/assets/downloads/owphonics2e_pro0000009156/owphonics_internationalphoneticalphabet.pdf">eltngl(区分Am/Br)</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/about/practical-english-usage/phonetic-alphabet">oxford</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.ling.upenn.edu/courses/Fall_2014/ling115/phonetics.html">upenn.edu 音标发音技巧</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells/phoneticsymbolsforenglish.htm">ucl.ac.uk</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.phonemicchart.com/">phonemicchart</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://1000h.org/sounds-of-american-english/1.1-phonemes.html">李笑来 美音</a> |
	</p>

	<p>音标发音的录音:
		<a target="_blank" href="https://walkergareth.github.io/learnipa/english-phonemes.html">音标录音</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/help/phonetics.html">剑桥英语</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.vocabulary.com/resources/ipa-pronunciation/">vocabulary.com</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://icspeech.com/phonetic-symbols.html">icspeech</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.antimoon.com/how/pronunc-soundsipa.htm">antimoon</a> |
		<a target="_blank" href="https://www.speechactive.com/english-vowels-ipa-international-phonetic-alphabet/">speechactive</a> |
	</p>

<h3>DJ音标 - 英式</h3>	
<pre>DJ音标，就是我们通常说的英式音标，由英国语言学家Daniel Jones研究出，所以用他的姓名首字母DJ表示，也有词典用他的姓Jones表示。

他根据IPA编写了一本英国的《英语发音词典English Pronouncing Dictionary》，所使用的音标符号就被称为DJ音标，这本发音词典代表了公认的英国英语标准发音Received Pronunciation（RP）。

中国英语教材使用的就是DJ音标。DJ音标有新旧两个版本，现在都用的是如下图最新版（红色为新版音标符号与旧版不同之处）：

DJ音标新旧版本不同的，简单来说，就是元音中5个音素书写符号有变化，分别为：/əː/变为/ɜː/，/ɔ/变为/ɒ/，/i/变为/ɪ/，/u/变为/ʊ/，/ɛə/变为/eə/。

关于DJ音标的辅音数量，旧版有28个，新版有24个，去掉了/ts/ /dz/ /tr/ /dr/ （被认为不是独立的音素，只是辅音连缀），从而与美式音标的辅音数量完全一致。

这也是英语有48个音标（旧版）还是英语有44个音标（新版）的不同说法的由来。我们在实际学习中还是会学这四个被去掉的辅音的，简单起见，我们统一说48个音标也无妨。
</pre>



<h3> 美式音标 （KK音标）</h3>
<pre>
KK音标，也就是我们通常说的美式音标，由美国两位语言学家John S. Kenyon & Thomas A. Knott共同研究出来的，由于两位作者的姓都以K开头，所以简称KK音标。

Kenyon和Knott根据IPA编写了一本描述美国英语的《美式英语发音词典》（A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English），使用的音标符号被称为KK音标。这是一套最常用也是最权威的发音符号，被当作美式音标的代表。
</pre>




<h3>怎么学？</h3>
<pre>
近年来美语越来越被重视和流行，即便学校学的是英式音标，学校外也会有大量的美语听力材料和学习资料。在国内，一般零基础学习英语音标建议先学习英式音标（英国英语），再去了解和学习美式音标（美国英语），前期尽量不要混合，以免混淆。

美音和英音并没有很大的区别，顶多属于两种比较相似的方言。它们大部分的音标读音都一样，只要掌握少数一些主要的发音差异和规律，无论是学英音、学美音、还是兼收并蓄，都是很容易的事。
</pre>
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<div class='item'>
<h2><span class=note>48个英语国际音标（英式音标）</span></h2>
<p>https://www.internationalphoneticalphabet.org/</p>
<p>https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/</p>

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	<td colspan="8" nowrap="nowrap" style="height: 69px">
	<p align="center">48个英语音标（国际音标）</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="5" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><strong>元音</strong></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="3" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">单元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">前元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150359-1.html" target="_blank">[i:]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150358-1.html" target="_blank">[i]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150360-1.html" target="_blank">[e]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150361-1.html" target="_blank">[æ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">中元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150362-1.html" target="_blank">[ʌ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150363-1.html" target="_blank">[ə:]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150364-1.html" target="_blank">[ə]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">后元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150371-1.html" target="_blank">[u:]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150370-1.html" target="_blank">[u]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150367-1.html" target="_blank">[ɔ:]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150366-1.html" target="_blank">[ɔ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150365-1.html" target="_blank">[a:]</a></p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="2" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">双元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">开合<br>
	双元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150421-1.html" target="_blank">[ei]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150372-1.html" target="_blank">[ai]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150373-1.html" target="_blank">[ɔi]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150377-1.html" target="_blank">[əu]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150375-1.html" target="_blank">[au]</a></p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 40px">
	<p align="center">集中<br>
	双元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 40px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150427-1.html" target="_blank">[iə]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 40px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150428-1.html" target="_blank">[εə]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 40px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150429-1.html" target="_blank">[uə]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 40px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 40px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="9" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center"><strong>辅音</strong></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="2" style="width: 54px; height: 37px">
	<p align="center">爆破音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 37px">
	<p align="center">清辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150379-1.html" target="_blank">[p]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150381-1.html" target="_blank">[t]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150383-1.html" target="_blank">[k]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 37px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150378-1.html" target="_blank">[b]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150380-1.html" target="_blank">[d]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150382-1.html" target="_blank">[g]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="2" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">摩擦音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">清辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150385-1.html" target="_blank">[f]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150387-1.html" target="_blank">[s]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150391-1.html" target="_blank">[ʃ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150393-1.html" target="_blank">[θ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150395-1.html" target="_blank">[h]</a></p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150384-1.html" target="_blank">[v]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150386-1.html" target="_blank">[z]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150390-1.html" target="_blank">[ʒ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150392-1.html" target="_blank">[ð]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" rowspan="2" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">破擦音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">清辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150397-1.html" target="_blank">[tʃ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150423-1.html" target="_blank">[tr]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150424-1.html" target="_blank">[ts]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150396-1.html" target="_blank">[dʒ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150422-1.html" target="_blank">[dr]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150424-1.html" target="_blank">[dz]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">鼻音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150413-1.html" target="_blank">[m]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150414-1.html" target="_blank">[n]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150415-1.html" target="_blank">[ŋ]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">舌边音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150416-1.html" target="_blank">[l]&nbsp;</a> <a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150417-1.html" target="_blank">[l]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150394-1.html" target="_blank">[r]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 20px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 38px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">半元音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 54px; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">浊辅音</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150419-1.html" target="_blank">[w]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center"><a href="http://www.tingclass.net/show-240-150420-1.html" target="_blank">[j]</a></p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	<td nowrap="nowrap" style="width: 31px !important;overflow:hidden; height: 39px">
	<p align="center">　</p>
	</td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

</div>










<div class='item'>
	<h2><span class="note">Phonetic alphabet</span></h2>


<div id="generaltext">
    <p>It is necessary to use a special alphabet to show the pronunciation of English words, because the ordinary English alphabet does not have enough letters to represent all the sounds of the language. The following list contains all the letters of the phonetic alphabet used in <i>Practical English Usage</i>, with examples of the words in which the sounds they refer to are found.</p>
  </div>


<div>
    <h3><strong>Vowels and diphthongs (double vowels)</strong></h3>

    <table class="phon-table">
      <tbody><tr>
        <td class="i">iː</td>
        <td class="style3">s<strong>ea</strong>t /siːt/, f<strong>ee</strong>l /fiːl/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɪ</td>
        <td class="style3">s<strong>i</strong>t /sɪt/, <strong>i</strong>n /ɪn/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">e</td>
        <td class="style3">s<strong>e</strong>t /set/, <strong>a</strong>ny /ˈeni/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">æ</td>
        <td class="style3">s<strong>a</strong>t /sæt/, m<strong>a</strong>tch /mætʃ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɑː</td>
        <td class="style3">m<strong>ar</strong>ch /mɑːtʃ/, <strong>a</strong>fter /ˈɑftə(r)/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɒ</td>
        <td class="style3">p<strong>o</strong>t /pɒt/, g<strong>o</strong>ne /ɡɒn/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɔː</td>
        <td class="style3">p<strong>or</strong>t /pɔːt/, l<strong>aw</strong> /lɔː/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ʊ</td>
        <td class="style3">g<strong>oo</strong>d /gʊd/, c<strong>ou</strong>ld /kʊd/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">uː</td>
        <td class="style3">f<strong>oo</strong>d /fuːd/, gr<strong>ou</strong>p /gruːp/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ʌ</td>
        <td class="style3">m<strong>u</strong>ch /mʌtʃ/, fr<strong>o</strong>nt /frʌnt/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɜː</td>
        <td class="style3">t<strong>ur</strong>n /tɜːn/, w<strong>or</strong>d /wɜːd/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ə</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>a</strong>way /əˈweɪ/, c<strong>o</strong>llect /kəˈlekt/, <strong>u</strong>ntil /ənˈtɪl/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">eɪ</td>
        <td class="style3">t<strong>a</strong>ke /teɪk/, w<strong>ai</strong>t /weɪt/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">aɪ</td>
        <td class="style3">m<strong>i</strong>ne /maɪn/, l<strong>i</strong>ght /laɪt/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɔɪ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>oi</strong>l /ɔɪl/, b<strong>oy</strong> /bɔɪ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">əʊ</td>
        <td class="style3">n<strong>o</strong> /nəʊ/, <strong>o</strong>pen /ˈəʊpən/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">aʊ</td>
        <td class="style3">h<strong>ou</strong>se /haʊs/, n<strong>ow</strong> /naʊ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɪə</td>
        <td class="style3">h<strong>ear</strong> /hɪə(r)/, d<strong>eer</strong> /dɪə(r)/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">eə</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>air</strong> /eə(r)/, wh<strong>ere</strong> /weə(r)/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ʊə</td>
        <td class="style3">t<strong>our</strong> /tʊə(r)/, end<strong>ure</strong> /ɪnˈdjʊə(r)/</td>
      </tr>

    </tbody></table>
</div>



<div>
    <h3><strong>Consonants</strong></h3>

    <table class="phon-table">
      <tbody><tr>
        <td class="i">p</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>p</strong>ull /pʊl/, cu<strong>p</strong> /kʌp/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">b</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>b</strong>ull /bʊl/, ro<strong>b</strong> /rɒb/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">f</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>f</strong>erry /ˈferi/, li<strong>f</strong>e /laɪf/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">v</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>v</strong>ery /ˈveri/, li<strong>v</strong>e /lɪv/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">θ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>th</strong>ink /θɪnk/, ba<strong>th</strong> /bɑːθ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ð</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>th</strong>en /ðen/, wi<strong>th</strong> /wɪð/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">t</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>t</strong>ake /teɪk/, se<strong>t</strong> /set/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">d</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>d</strong>ay /deɪ/, re<strong>d</strong> /red/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">s</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>s</strong>ing /sɪŋ/, ri<strong>c</strong>e /raɪs/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">z</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>z</strong>oo /zuː/, day<strong>s</strong> /deɪz/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ʃ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>sh</strong>ow /ʃəʊ/, wi<strong>sh</strong> /wɪʃ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ʒ</td>
        <td class="style3">plea<strong>s</strong>ure /ˈpleʒə(r)/, occa<strong>s</strong>ion /əˈkeɪʒn/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">tʃ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>ch</strong>eap /tʃiːp/, ca<strong>tch</strong> /kætʃ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">dʒ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>j</strong>ail /dʒeɪl/, bri<strong>dg</strong>e /brɪdʒ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">k</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>c</strong>ase /keɪs/, ta<strong>k</strong>e /teɪk/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ɡ</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>g</strong>o /ɡəʊ/, ru<strong>g</strong> /rʌɡ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">m</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>m</strong>y /maɪ/, co<strong>m</strong>e /kʌm/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">n</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>n</strong>o /nəʊ/, o<strong>n</strong> /ɒn/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">ŋ</td>
        <td class="style3">si<strong>ng</strong> /sɪŋ/, fi<strong>ng</strong>er /ˈfɪŋɡə(r)/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">l</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>l</strong>ove /lʌv/, ho<strong>l</strong>e /həʊl/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">r</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>r</strong>ound /raʊnd/, ca<strong>rr</strong>y /ˈkæri/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">w</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>w</strong>ell /wel/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">j</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>y</strong>oung /jʌŋ/</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td class="i">h</td>
        <td class="style3"><strong>h</strong>ouse /haʊs/</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody></table>

  </div>


</div>





-- End --

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